Kugwiritsa ntchito ORP pochiza zimbudzi

Kodi ORP imayimira chiyani poyeretsa zimbudzi?
ORP imayimira kuthekera kwa redox pakuchotsa zimbudzi. ORP imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonetsa ma macro redox azinthu zonse munjira yamadzi. Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya redox, mphamvu ya oxidizing katundu, ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu ya redox, kumapangitsanso kuchepetsa katundu. Kwa thupi lamadzi, nthawi zambiri pamakhala mphamvu zambiri za redox, kupanga dongosolo lovuta la redox. Ndipo kuthekera kwake kwa redox ndizomwe zimatengera momwe redox imachitikira pakati pa zinthu zingapo zotulutsa okosijeni ndi zinthu zochepetsera.
Ngakhale ORP singagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chizindikiro cha kuchuluka kwa chinthu china cha okosijeni ndikuchepetsa, imathandizira kumvetsetsa mawonekedwe a electrochemical amadzi am'madzi ndikuwunika momwe thupi lamadzi limakhalira. Ndi chizindikiro chokwanira.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ORP pochiza zimbudzi Pali ma ion angapo osinthika ndi okosijeni wosungunuka m'madzi otayira, ndiko kuti, kuthekera kosiyanasiyana kwa redox. Kupyolera mu chida chodziwira cha ORP, kuthekera kwa redox m'chimbudzi kumatha kuzindikirika mu nthawi yochepa kwambiri, yomwe ingafupikitse kwambiri njira yodziwira komanso nthawi ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito.
Mphamvu za redox zomwe zimafunikira ndi tizilombo ndizosiyana pagawo lililonse lachimbudzi. Nthawi zambiri, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kukula pamwamba pa +100mV, ndipo optimum ndi +300～+400mV; Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta anaerobic timapuma mopitilira +100mV ndi kupuma kwa anaerobic pansi +100mV; Amafunikira mabakiteriya a anaerobic -200 ~ 250mV, omwe amafunikira ma methanogens a anaerobic -300 ~ 400mV, ndipo momwe akadakwanitsira ndi -330mV.
Malo abwinobwino a redox mu aerobic activated sludge system ali pakati pa +200 ~ + 600mV.
Monga njira yowongolera mu aerobic biological treatment, anoxic biological treatment ndi anaerobic biological treatment, poyang'anira ndi kuyang'anira ORP ya zimbudzi, ogwira ntchito amatha kuwongolera mwachisawawa zochitika zamoyo. Posintha momwe chilengedwe chimagwirira ntchito, monga:
● Kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya kuti muwonjezere kuchuluka kwa okosijeni wosungunuka
● Kuonjezera zinthu za okosijeni ndi njira zina zowonjezera mphamvu za redox
● Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya mpweya kuti muchepetse mpweya wosungunuka
●Kuwonjezera magwero a kaboni ndi kuchepetsa zinthu kuti muchepetse mphamvu ya redox, potero kulimbikitsa kapena kupewa zomwe zimachitika.
Chifukwa chake, oyang'anira amagwiritsa ntchito ORP ngati njira yowongolera mu aerobic biological treatment, anoxic biological treatment ndi anaerobic biological treatment kuti akwaniritse bwino chithandizo.
Chithandizo cha Aerobic Biological:
ORP ili ndi mgwirizano wabwino ndi kuchotsa COD ndi nitrification. Mwa kuwongolera voliyumu ya aerobic aeration kudzera mu ORP, nthawi yosakwanira kapena yopitilira muyeso imatha kupewedwa kuti mutsimikizire mtundu wa madzi amadzi oyeretsedwa.
Anoxic biological treatment: ORP ndi kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni mu denitrification state ali ndi kulumikizana kwina mu anoxic biological treatment process, yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati muyeso wowunika ngati njira yokanira yatha. Mchitidwe woyenerera umasonyeza kuti panthawi ya denitrification, pamene chochokera ku ORP ku nthawi ndi chocheperapo -5, zomwe zimachitika zimakhala bwino kwambiri. Madzi osefukirawo amakhala ndi nayitrogeni wa nitrate, amene angalepheretse kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya poizoni ndi yovulaza, monga hydrogen sulfide.
Anaerobic biological treatment: Panthawi ya anaerobic reaction, zinthu zochepetsera zikapangidwa, mtengo wa ORP udzachepa; Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kuchepetsa zinthu kumachepetsa, mtengo wa ORP umawonjezeka ndipo umakhala wokhazikika pakapita nthawi.
Mwachidule, pakuchiritsa kwachilengedwe kwa aerobic m'mafakitale otsuka zimbudzi, ORP ili ndi kulumikizana kwabwino ndi biodegradation ya COD ndi BOD, ndipo ORP imalumikizana bwino ndi nitrification reaction.
Pazamankhwala achilengedwe a anoxic, pali kulumikizana kwina pakati pa ORP ndi kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni wa nitrate mu denitrification state panthawi ya chithandizo chamankhwala cha anoxic, chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati muyeso wowonera ngati njira ya denitrification yatha. Kuwongolera zotsatira za mankhwala a phosphorous kuchotsa ndondomeko gawo ndi kusintha phosphorous kuchotsa kwenikweni. Kuchotsa kwachilengedwe kwa phosphorous ndi kuchotsa phosphorous kumaphatikizapo njira ziwiri:
Choyamba, mu gawo lotulutsa phosphorous pansi pa mikhalidwe ya anaerobic, mabakiteriya owiritsa amatulutsa mafuta acids pansi pa chikhalidwe cha ORP pa -100 mpaka -225mV. Mafuta acids amatengedwa ndi mabakiteriya a polyphosphate ndipo phosphorous imatulutsidwa m'madzi nthawi yomweyo.
Chachiwiri, mu dziwe la aerobic, mabakiteriya a polyphosphate amayamba kusokoneza mafuta acids omwe amalowetsedwa mu gawo lapitalo ndikusintha ATP kukhala ADP kuti apeze mphamvu. Kusungidwa kwa mphamvuyi kumafuna kutsekemera kwa phosphorous ochuluka m'madzi. Zochita za phosphorous yotsatsa zimafuna kuti ORP mu dziwe la aerobic likhale pakati pa +25 ndi +250mV kuti kuchotsedwa kwachilengedwe kwa phosphorous kuchitike.
Choncho, ogwira ntchito angathe kulamulira zotsatira za chithandizo cha gawo lochotsa phosphorous kudzera mu ORP kuti apititse patsogolo mphamvu yochotsa phosphorous.
Pamene ogwira ntchito sakufuna denitrification kapena nitrite kudzikundikira kuchitika mu ndondomeko nitrification, mtengo ORP ayenera kusamalidwa pamwamba + 50mV. Momwemonso, oyang'anira amaletsa kutulutsa fungo (H2S) m'mayendedwe otayira. Oyang'anira akuyenera kukhala ndi mtengo wa ORP wopitilira -50mV mupaipi kuti apewe kupanga ndi kuchitapo kanthu kwa ma sulfide.
Sinthani nthawi ya mpweya ndi mphamvu ya mpweya kuti mupulumutse mphamvu ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito. Kuphatikiza apo, ogwira ntchito amathanso kugwiritsa ntchito kulumikizana kwakukulu pakati pa ORP ndi okosijeni wosungunuka m'madzi kuti asinthe nthawi ya mpweya ndi mphamvu ya mpweya kudzera mu ORP, kuti akwaniritse kupulumutsa mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito pamene akukumana ndi momwe zamoyo zimachitikira.
Kupyolera mu chida chodziwira cha ORP, ogwira ntchito amatha kumvetsa mwamsanga njira yoyeretsera zimbudzi ndi chidziwitso cha chikhalidwe cha kuipitsidwa kwa madzi pogwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso cha nthawi yeniyeni, potero kuzindikira kasamalidwe koyeretsedwa kwa maulalo a zimbudzi ndikuyendetsa bwino chilengedwe cha madzi.
Pochiza madzi oyipa, machitidwe ambiri a redox amapezeka, ndipo zomwe zimakhudza ORP mu reactor iliyonse ndizosiyana. Chifukwa chake, pochiza zimbudzi, ogwira nawo ntchito amafunikanso kupitilira kuphunzira kuyanjana pakati pa mpweya wosungunuka, pH, kutentha, mchere ndi zinthu zina m'madzi ndi ORP molingana ndi momwe zimakhalira zonyansa, ndikukhazikitsa magawo owongolera a ORP oyenera matupi osiyanasiyana amadzi. .