COD, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorous yonse ndi nayitrogeni wathunthu ndizizindikiro zazikulu zakuipitsa m'madzi. Mmene amakhudzira madzi abwino tingawunikenso m’njira zambiri.
Choyamba, COD ndi chizindikiro cha zomwe zili m'madzi, zomwe zingasonyeze kuipitsidwa kwa zinthu zamoyo m'madzi. Matupi amadzi okhala ndi COD wochuluka amakhala ndi turbidity ndi mtundu wambiri, ndipo amakonda kuswana mabakiteriya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi azikhala ndi moyo wautali. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa COD kumawononganso okosijeni wosungunuka m'madzi, zomwe zimatsogolera ku hypoxia kapenanso kukomoka m'madzi, zomwe zimawononga zamoyo zam'madzi.
Kachiwiri, ammonia nayitrogeni ndi imodzi mwazakudya zofunika m'madzi, koma ngati kuchuluka kwa ammonia nayitrogeni ndikwambiri, kumayambitsa kufalikira kwamadzi am'madzi ndikulimbikitsa kuphuka kwa algae. Kuphulika kwa algae sikumangopangitsa kuti madzi asokonezeke, komanso amadya mpweya wambiri wosungunuka, zomwe zimayambitsa hypoxia m'madzi. Pazovuta kwambiri, zimatha kufa ndi nsomba zambiri. Kuonjezera apo, kuchuluka kwa ammonia nitrogen kudzatulutsa fungo losasangalatsa, lomwe lidzakhala ndi zotsatira zoipa pa malo ozungulira komanso miyoyo ya anthu okhalamo.
Chachitatu, phosphorous yonse ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chazomera, koma kuchuluka kwa phosphorous kumathandizira kukula kwa algae ndi zomera zina zam'madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matupi amadzi azikhala ndi eutrophication komanso kuphuka kwa algal. Maluwa a algal sikuti amangopangitsa kuti madzi asokonezeke komanso kununkhiza, komanso amadya mpweya wambiri wosungunuka ndipo amakhudza mphamvu yodziyeretsa yokha yamadzi. Kuphatikiza apo, algae ena monga cyanobacteria amatha kupanga zinthu zapoizoni, zomwe zimawononga chilengedwe komanso chilengedwe.
Pomaliza, nayitrogeni yonse imapangidwa ndi ammonia nayitrogeni, nayitrogeni wa nitrate ndi nayitrogeni wa organic, ndipo ndi chizindikiro chofunikira chowonetsa kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa michere m'madzi. Kuchulukirachulukira kwa nayitrogeni sikungolimbikitsa kufalikira kwa matupi amadzi ndi kupanga maluwa a algal, komanso kumachepetsa kuwonekera kwa matupi amadzi ndikuletsa kukula kwa zamoyo zam'madzi. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni wokwanira kumakhudzanso kakomedwe ndi kakomedwe ka madzi, zomwe zimakhudza kumwa ndi moyo wa anthu okhalamo.
Mwachidule, COD, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorous okwana ndi nayitrogeni okwana ndi zizindikiro zofunika zomwe zimakhudza ubwino wa madzi, ndipo kukwera kwawo kwakukulu kudzakhala ndi zotsatira zoipa pa chilengedwe cha madzi ndi thanzi. Choncho, m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku ndi kupanga, tiyenera kulimbikitsa kuyang'anira ndi kuyang'anira ubwino wa madzi, kuchitapo kanthu kuti tichepetse kutaya madzi owononga madzi, komanso kuteteza madzi ndi chilengedwe.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-28-2023
