Eutrophication ya matupi amadzi imatanthawuza chodabwitsa kuti chifukwa cha zochita za anthu, zakudya monga nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous zomwe zimafunikira kwa zamoyo zimalowa m'madzi oyenda pang'onopang'ono monga nyanja, mitsinje, magombe, ndi zina zambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuberekana kwachangu. algae ndi plankton zina, kuchepa kwa mpweya wosungunuka m'madzi, kuwonongeka kwa madzi, ndi kufa kwa nsomba ndi zamoyo zina.
Zomwe zimayambitsa makamaka zimakhala ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:
1. Chakudya chambiri: Kuchulukitsitsa kwa michere monga phosphorous ndi nayitrogeni wathunthu ndizomwe zimayambitsa kufalikira kwamadzi m'madzi.
2. Kuyenda kwa madzi: Kuyenda pang’onopang’ono kwa madzi (monga nyanja, nkhokwe, ndi zina zotero) kumapangitsa kukhala kovuta kuti zakudya za m’madzi zisungunuke ndi kufalikira, zomwe zimathandiza kuti ndere zikule.
3. Kutentha koyenera: Kutentha kwa madzi, makamaka pakati pa 20 ℃ mpaka 35 ℃, kudzalimbikitsa kukula ndi kubereka kwa algae.
4. Zinthu zaumunthu: Kuchuluka kwa madzi onyansa okhala ndi nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous, zinyalala ndi feteleza zomwe zimatulutsidwa ndi mafakitale, ulimi ndi moyo m'madera ozungulira otukuka azachuma komanso okhala ndi anthu ambiri ndizofunikira kwambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma eutrophication amadzimadzi aziyenda bwino. pa
Eutrophication ya matupi amadzi ndi zotsatira za chilengedwe
Zotsatira za eutrophication ya matupi amadzi pa chilengedwe zimawonekera makamaka muzinthu izi:
1. Kuwonongeka kwa madzi: Kuchulukana kwa algae kumawononga mpweya wosungunuka m'madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi awonongeke komanso kusokoneza moyo wa zamoyo zam'madzi.
2. Kusalinganizika kwa chilengedwe: Kukula mopenga kwa ndere kudzawononga mphamvu ndi mphamvu za chilengedwe cha m'madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusalinganika kwa kagawidwe ka mitundu, komanso kuwononga pang'onopang'ono chilengedwe chonse cha m'madzi. pa
3. Kuipitsa mpweya: Kuwola ndi kuwola kwa ndere kudzatulutsa fungo ndi kuipitsa chilengedwe cha mumlengalenga.
4. Kusoŵa kwa madzi: Kuwonongeka kwa madzi kudzakulitsa kusowa kwa madzi.
Nyanja yomwe poyamba inali yoyera komanso yopanda malire inasanduka yobiriwira. Izi sizingakhale mphamvu ya masika, koma chizindikiro chochenjeza cha eutrophication ya matupi amadzi.
Eutrophication ya madzi abwino, m'mawu osavuta, ndi "chakudya chochuluka" m'madzi. Pamene zakudya monga nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous m’madzi oyenda pang’onopang’ono monga nyanja ndi mitsinje zikachuluka, zimakhala ngati kutsegula “buffet” ya ndere ndi plankton zina. Adzaberekana molusa ndi kupanga "maluwa amadzi". Izi sizimangopangitsa kuti madzi asokonezeke, komanso zimabweretsa mavuto ambiri azachilengedwe.
Mphamvu yomwe imachititsa kuti matupi a m'madzi awonongeke, ndiye kodi zakudya zochulukitsitsazi zimachokera kuti? Pali makamaka magwero otsatirawa:
Kuthira feteleza waulimi: Pofuna kuchulukitsa zokolola, feteleza wochuluka wa mankhwala amagwiritsiridwa ntchito, ndipo feteleza wa nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous ambiri amapita m’madzi akamakwapulidwa ndi madzi amvula.
Zimbudzi zapakhomo: Zimbudzi zapakhomo m’mizinda zimakhala ndi michere yambiri m’zotsukira ndi zotsalira za chakudya. Ngati itulutsidwa mwachindunji popanda chithandizo kapena chithandizo chosayenera, imakhala chifukwa cha eutrophication yamadzi.
Kutulutsa mpweya m'mafakitale: Mafakitale ena adzatulutsa madzi oipa okhala ndi nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous panthawi yopanga. Ngati sichimatulutsidwa bwino, imayipitsanso madzi.
Zinthu zachilengedwe: Ngakhale kuti zinthu zachilengedwe monga kukokoloka kwa nthaka zimathanso kubweretsa zakudya zina, m'madera amakono, zochita za anthu ndizomwe zimayambitsa kutsika kwa madzi.
Zotsatira za eutrophication yamadzi am'madzi:
Kuwonongeka kwa madzi: Kuchulukana kwakukulu kwa algae kumawononga mpweya wosungunuka m'madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi awonongeke komanso kutulutsa fungo losasangalatsa.
Kusalinganika kwachilengedwe: Kuphulika kwa ndere kudzafinya malo okhala zamoyo zina zam'madzi, kuchititsa kufa kwa nsomba ndi zamoyo zina ndikuwononga chilengedwe.
Kuwonongeka kwachuma: Eutrophication idzasokoneza chitukuko cha mafakitale monga nsomba ndi zokopa alendo, zomwe zidzawononge chuma cha m'deralo.
Kuopsa kwa thanzi: Matupi amadzi otchedwa eutrophic amatha kukhala ndi zinthu zovulaza, monga mabakiteriya ndi poizoni, zomwe zimawopseza thanzi la munthu.
Kuphatikizidwa ndi zomwe zimayambitsa eutrophication m'madzi, kuyezetsa koyenera kwa nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous kumachitika pazinyalala zam'nyumba ndi madzi otayira m'mafakitale, ndipo "kutsekereza" kuchokera kugwero kumatha kuchepetsa kutulutsa kwazakudya zakunja. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuzindikira ndi kuyang'anira nitrogen, phosphorous ndi zizindikiro zina m'nyanja ndi mitsinje zidzapereka chithandizo chofunikira cha deta ndi kupanga zisankho za chitetezo cha madzi ndi chitetezo.
Ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe zimayesedwa pa eutrophication ya mabwalo amadzi?
Zizindikiro za kuzindikira kwa eutrophication m'madzi ndi monga chlorophyll a, phosphorous (TP), nitrogen yonse (TN), transparency (SD), permanganate index (CODMn), mpweya wosungunuka (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (CODMn) COD), organic carbon (TOC), kufunikira kwa oxygen (TOD), nitrogen content, phosphorous content, mabakiteriya okwana, etc.
LH-P300 ndi mita yamtengo wapatali yamadzi ambiri yomwe imatha kuyeza mwachangu komanso molondola.KODI, ammonia nayitrogeni, phosphorous okwana, nayitrogeni okwana, organic zoipitsa ndi inorganic zoipitsa madzi zitsanzo madzi. Ikhoza kukwaniritsa zosowa zodziwika za zizindikiro zazikulu za nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous za eutrophication yamadzi. Chidacho ndi chaching'ono komanso chopepuka, chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso chimagwira ntchito bwino, chimakhala ndi mtengo wokwera kwambiri. Eutrophication yamadzi imakhudzana ndi moyo wa aliyense, thanzi ndi moyo wabwino. Kupyolera mu kuyang'anira ndi kuyankha kwa sayansi, ndikukhulupirira kuti tidzatha kuthana ndi vutoli ndikuteteza madzi omwe timadalira kuti tipulumuke. Tiyeni tiyambe kuyambira pano, tiyambire kuzinthu zing'onozing'ono zomwe zatizungulira, ndikuthandizira ku chitukuko chokhazikika cha madzi!
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-09-2024
