Miyero yamafuta amtundu wa infrared ndi chida chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kuchuluka kwamafuta m'madzi. Amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya infuraredi spectroscopy quantitatively kusanthula mafuta m'madzi. Zili ndi ubwino wachangu, zolondola komanso zosavuta, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyang'anira khalidwe la madzi, kuteteza chilengedwe ndi zina.
Mafuta ndi osakaniza a zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Malinga ndi polarity zigawo zake, akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: mafuta ndi nyama ndi masamba mafuta. Mafuta a nyama ndi masamba amatha kutsatiridwa ndi zinthu monga magnesium silicate kapena silika gel.
Mafuta amafuta amapangidwa makamaka ndi zinthu za hydrocarbon monga ma alkanes, cycloalkanes, ma hydrocarbon onunkhira, ndi ma alkenes. Zomwe zili mu hydrocarbon zimapanga 96% mpaka 99% yazonse. Kuwonjezera pa ma hydrocarbon, zinthu za petroleum zilinso ndi mpweya wochepa, nitrogen, ndi sulfure. Hydrocarbon zotumphukira za zinthu zina.
Mafuta a nyama ndi masamba amaphatikizapo mafuta anyama ndi mafuta a masamba. Mafuta a nyama ndi mafuta opangidwa kuchokera ku nyama. Amatha kugawidwa m'mafuta a nyama zapadziko lapansi ndi mafuta am'madzi am'madzi. Mafuta a masamba ndi mafuta otengedwa ku zipatso, mbewu, ndi majeremusi a zomera. Zigawo zazikulu zamafuta a masamba ndi mzere wapamwamba wamafuta acid ndi triglycerides.
Magwero a kuwonongeka kwa mafuta
1. Mafuta owononga chilengedwe makamaka amachokera kumadzi otayira m'mafakitale ndi zimbudzi zapanyumba.
2. Mafakitale ofunika kwambiri omwe amachotsa zowononga mafuta a petroleum makamaka mafakitale monga kuchotsa mafuta osakanizika, kukonza, kuyendetsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta osiyanasiyana oyengedwa.
3. Mafuta a nyama ndi masamba makamaka amachokera ku zimbudzi zapakhomo ndi zonyansa zamakampani ophikira zakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, mafakitale monga sopo, utoto, inki, labala, kufufuta, nsalu, zodzoladzola ndi mankhwala amachotsanso mafuta anyama ndi masamba.
Zowopsa zachilengedwe zamafuta ① Kuwononga madzi; ② Kuwononga chilengedwe cha nthaka; ③ Kuwononga usodzi; ④ Kuwononga zomera zam'madzi; ⑤ Kuvulaza nyama zam'madzi; ⑥ Kuvulaza thupi la munthu
1. Mfundo ya mita ya mafuta a infrared
Infrared oil detector ndi mtundu wa chida chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuwunika zachilengedwe, mafakitale a petrochemical, hydrology and water conservancy, makampani amadzi, malo opangira zinyalala, malo opangira magetsi otentha, makampani achitsulo, kafukufuku wasayansi waku yunivesite ndi kuphunzitsa, kuwunikira chilengedwe chaulimi, kuwunikira chilengedwe cha njanji. , kupanga magalimoto, Zida zam'madzi zowunikira chilengedwe, kuyang'anira chilengedwe cha magalimoto, kafukufuku wa sayansi ya chilengedwe ndi zipinda zina zoyesera ndi ma laboratories.
Makamaka, mita yamafuta a infrared imayatsa chitsanzo cha madzi pagwero la kuwala kwa infrared. Mamolekyu amafuta omwe ali muzachitsanzo zamadzi amatenga gawo lina la kuwala kwa infrared. Mafuta amatha kuwerengedwa poyesa kuwala komwe kumalowa. Chifukwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimatenga kuwala mosiyanasiyana mafunde ndi mphamvu, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamafuta imatha kuyesedwa posankha zosefera ndi zowunikira.
Mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito imachokera pa muyezo wa HJ637-2018. Choyamba, tetrachlorethylene imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa zinthu zamafuta m'madzi, ndipo kuchuluka kwake kumayesedwa. Ndiye Tingafinye ndi adsorbed ndi magnesium silicate. Pambuyo pochotsa zinthu za polar monga mafuta a nyama ndi masamba, mafutawo amapimidwa. okoma mtima. Kutulutsa kwathunthu ndi mafuta a petroleum kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mafunde a 2930cm-1 (kutambasula kugwedezeka kwa CH bond mu gulu la CH2), 2960cm-1 (kutambasula kugwedezeka kwa CH bond mu gulu la CH3) ndi 3030cm-1 (ma hydrocarbon onunkhira). Kutsekemera kwa A2930, A2960 ndi A3030 pa kugwedezeka kwa CH bond) kunawerengedwa. Zomwe zili mumafuta anyama ndi masamba amawerengedwa ngati kusiyana pakati pa mafuta onse amafuta ndi mafuta amafuta. Pakati pawo, magulu atatu, 2930cm-1 (CH3), 2960cm-1 (CH2), ndi 3030cm-1 (onunkhira ma hydrocarbons), ndizo zigawo zikuluzikulu za mafuta amchere a petroleum. "Chilichonse" muzolemba zake chikhoza "kusonkhanitsidwa" kuchokera m'magulu atatuwa. Choncho, zikhoza kuwoneka kuti kutsimikiza kwa mafuta a petroleum kumangofuna kuchuluka kwa magulu atatu omwe ali pamwambawa.
Kugwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku kwa zowunikira mafuta a infrared kumaphatikizapo koma sikungokhala pazifukwa izi: Imatha kuyeza zomwe zili mumafuta amafuta, monga mafuta amchere, mafuta a injini osiyanasiyana, mafuta amakina, mafuta opaka mafuta, mafuta opangira mafuta ndi zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana zomwe ali nazo kapena kuwonjezera; nthawi yomweyo Zomwe zili m'gulu la ma hydrocarbons monga alkanes, cycloalkanes ndi ma hydrocarbon onunkhira amathanso kuyeza kuti timvetsetse momwe mafuta alili m'madzi. Kuphatikiza apo, zowunikira zamafuta amtundu wa infrared zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuyeza ma hydrocarbon muzinthu zamoyo, monga zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa ndi kuphwanyidwa kwa ma hydrocarbon a petroleum, mafuta osiyanasiyana, ndi zinthu zapakatikati popanga zinthu zachilengedwe.
2. Njira zodzitetezera pogwiritsa ntchito chowunikira chamafuta cha infuraredi
1. Kukonzekera kwachitsanzo: Musanagwiritse ntchito chowunikira mafuta a infrared, chitsanzo cha madzi chiyenera kukonzedweratu. Zitsanzo zamadzi nthawi zambiri zimafunika kusefedwa, kuchotsedwa ndi njira zina zochotsera zonyansa ndi zinthu zosokoneza. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, m'pofunika kuonetsetsa kuti zitsanzo za madzi zikuyimira ndikupewa zolakwika za muyeso zomwe zimadza chifukwa cha sampuli zosagwirizana.
2. Ma reagents ndi zida zokhazikika: Kuti mugwiritse ntchito chowunikira chamafuta cha infrared, muyenera kukonzekera zofananira ndi zinthu zofananira, monga zosungunulira organic, zitsanzo zamafuta oyera, ndi zina zambiri. , ndikusintha ndi kuwongolera pafupipafupi.
3. Kuwongolera kwa zida: Musanagwiritse ntchito mita yamafuta a infuraredi, ma calibration amafunikira kuti mutsimikizire kulondola kwake. Zida zokhazikika zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa, ndipo choyezera choyezera chidacho chikhoza kuwerengedwa potengera kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe ndi zomwe zimadziwika pazida zomwezo.
4. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mita ya mafuta a infrared, muyenera kutsata ndondomeko yogwiritsira ntchito kuti mupewe ntchito yolakwika yomwe imakhudza zotsatira za muyeso. Mwachitsanzo, chitsanzocho chiyenera kukhala chokhazikika panthawi yoyezera kuti tipewe kugwedezeka ndi kusokonezeka; m'pofunika kuonetsetsa ukhondo ndi kukhazikitsa molondola pamene m'malo zosefera ndi zowunikira; ndipo ndikofunikira kusankha ma aligorivimu oyenerera ndi njira zowerengera panthawi yokonza deta.
5. Kusamalira ndi kukonza: Chitani zokonzekera nthawi zonse pa chojambulira mafuta cha infrared kuti zipangizo zikhale bwino. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi zonse muziyeretsa zosefera ndi zowunikira, fufuzani ngati magwero a kuwala ndi mabwalo akugwira ntchito moyenera, ndikuwongolera ndi kukonza zida pafupipafupi.
6. Kuthana ndi zovuta: Ngati mukukumana ndi zovuta mukamagwiritsa ntchito, monga zotsatira zachilendo, kulephera kwa zida, ndi zina zotero, muyenera kusiya kuzigwiritsa ntchito nthawi yomweyo ndikuthetsa mavuto. Mutha kulozera ku buku la zida kapena kulumikizana ndi akatswiri amisiri kuti mukonze.
7. Kujambulira ndi kusungitsa zakale: Pogwiritsa ntchito, zotsatira za kuyeza ndi machitidwe ogwiritsira ntchito zida ziyenera kulembedwa ndi kusungidwa kuti zifufuzidwe ndi kufufuza. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, chidwi chiyenera kulipidwa pakuteteza zinsinsi zaumwini ndi chitetezo cha chidziwitso.
8. Maphunziro ndi maphunziro: Ogwira ntchito omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zida zowunikira mafuta a infrared ayenera kuphunzitsidwa ndi maphunziro kuti amvetse mfundo, njira zogwirira ntchito, zodzitetezera, ndi zina zotero za zipangizo. Maphunziro amatha kupititsa patsogolo luso la ogwiritsa ntchito ndikuwonetsetsa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino zida ndi kulondola kwa data.
9. Zachilengedwe: Zowunikira zamafuta a infrared zimakhala ndi zofunikira pazachilengedwe, monga kutentha, chinyezi, kusokoneza ma elekitirodi, ndi zina. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti chilengedwe chimakwaniritsa zofunikira. Ngati pali zovuta zina, muyenera kusintha ndikuzithetsa.
10. Chitetezo cha labotale: Samalani chitetezo cha labotale mukamagwiritsa ntchito, monga kupewa ma reagents kuti asakhudze khungu, kusunga mpweya wabwino, ndi zina zambiri. zasayansi chilengedwe.
Pakalipano, mita yatsopano yamafuta ya infrared LH-S600 yopangidwa ndi Lianhua ili ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba a 10 inchi ndi kompyuta yapakompyuta yomangidwa. Itha kuyendetsedwa mwachindunji pakompyuta ya piritsi popanda kufunikira kwa kompyuta yakunja ndipo imakhala ndi kulephera kochepa. Imatha kuwonetsa ma graph mwanzeru, kuthandizira kutchula mayina, zosefera ndikuwona zotsatira zoyesa, ndikukulitsa mawonekedwe a HDMI pazenera lalikulu kuti zithandizire kukweza deta.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-12-2024
