Chiyambi cha DPD colorimetry

DPD spectrophotometry ndiye njira yodziwika bwino yodziwira chlorine yotsalira yaulere ndi chlorine yotsalira mu dziko la China "Water Quality Vocabulary and Analytical Methods" GB11898-89, yopangidwa limodzi ndi American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association ndi Water Pollution Control. Federation. Mu "Njira Zoyezera Zoyezera za Madzi ndi Madzi Onyansa", njira ya DPD yapangidwa kuchokera ku kope la 15 ndipo ikulimbikitsidwa ngati njira yoyezera chlorine dioxide.
Ubwino wa njira ya DPD
Ikhoza kulekanitsa chlorine dioxide ku mitundu ina ya klorini (kuphatikiza chlorine yotsalira yaulere, chlorine yotsalira yonse ndi klorite, ndi zina zotero), kupangitsa kuti kuyezetsa magazi kukhale kosavuta. Njirayi siyolondola ngati amperometric titration, koma zotsatira zake ndi zokwanira pazolinga zambiri.
mfundo
Pansi pa pH 6.2 ~ 6.5, ClO2 imayamba kugwira ntchito ndi DPD kuti ipange pawiri yofiira, koma kuchuluka kwake kumangofikira gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a chlorine yonse yomwe ilipo (yofanana ndi kuchepetsa ClO2 ku chlorite ayoni). Ngati chitsanzo cha madzi ndi acidified pamaso pa ayodini, chlorite ndi chlorate amachitanso, ndipo pamene neutralized ndi Kuwonjezera bicarbonate, chifukwa mtundu limafanana okwana kupezeka chlorine zili ClO2. Kusokoneza kwa klorini yaulere kumatha kuletsedwa powonjezera glycine. Maziko ake ndikuti glycine imatha kutembenuza chlorine yaulere kukhala chlorinated aminoacetic acid, koma ilibe mphamvu pa ClO2.
Potaziyamu iodate muyezo stock solution, 1.006g/L: Kulemera 1.003g potaziyamu iodate (KIO3, zouma pa 120 ~ 140 ° C kwa 2 hours), kusungunula m'madzi oyeretsedwa kwambiri, ndi kusamutsa voliyumu 1000ml.
Sungunulani botolo loyezera ku chizindikiro ndikusakaniza.
Potaziyamu iodate muyezo solution, 10.06mg/L: Tengani 10.0ml wa stock solution (4.1) mu 1000ml volumetric botolo, kuwonjezera 1g wa potaziyamu iodide (4.5), kuwonjezera madzi kuchepetsa chizindikiro, ndi kusakaniza. Konzani tsiku lomwe mugwiritse ntchito mu botolo la bulauni. 1.00ml ya yankho lokhazikika ili ndi 10.06μg KIO3, yomwe ndi yofanana ndi 1.00mg/L ya klorini yomwe ilipo.
Phosphate bafa: Sungunulani 24g anhydrous disodium hydrogen phosphate ndi 46g anhydrous potassium dihydrogen phosphate mu madzi osungunuka, ndiyeno sakanizani mu 100ml wa madzi osungunuka ndi 800mg EDTA disodium mchere wosungunuka. Sungunulani ndi madzi osungunuka ku 1L, onjezerani 20mg mercuric chloride kapena madontho awiri a toluene kuti muteteze nkhungu. Kuonjezera 20 mg wa mercuric chloride kumatha kuthetsa kusokoneza kwa ayodini wamtundu womwe ungakhalebe poyezera klorini waulere. (Dziwani: Mercury chloride ndi poizoni, gwiritsani ntchito mosamala ndipo pewani kuyamwa)
N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD) Chizindikiro: Sungunulani 1.5g DPD sulfate pentahydrate kapena 1.1g anhydrous DPD sulfate m'madzi osungunuka opanda klorine okhala ndi 8ml1+3 sulfuric acid ndi 200mg EDTA disodium mchere 1, sungani ku mchere mu botolo lagalasi lofiirira, ndikusunga m'malo amdima. Pamene chizindikirocho chimazimiririka, chiyenera kukonzedwanso. Yang'anani pafupipafupi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zilibe kanthu,
Ngati mtengo wothira wopanda kanthu pa 515nm uposa 0.002 / cm, kukonzanso kuyenera kusiyidwa.
Iodide ya potaziyamu (KI crystal)
Sodium arsenite solution: Sungunulani 5.0g NaAsO2 m'madzi osungunuka ndi kusungunula 1 lita. Zindikirani: NaAsO2 ndi poizoni, pewani kumwa!
Thioacetamide solution: Sungunulani 125 mg wa thioacetamide mu 100 ml ya madzi osungunuka.
Njira ya Glycine: Sungunulani 20g glycine m'madzi opanda klorini ndikuchepetsa mpaka 100ml. Kusunga mazira. Iyenera kusinthidwa pamene turbidity ikuchitika.
Sulfuric acid solution (pafupifupi 1mol/L): Sungunulani 5.4ml wokhazikika H2SO4 mu 100ml madzi osungunuka.
Sodium hydroxide solution (pafupifupi 2mol/L): Wezani 8g NaOH ndikusungunula mu 100ml madzi oyera.
Calibration (ntchito) yopindika
Pa mndandanda wa machubu 50 a colorimetric, onjezani 0.0, 0.25, 0,50, 1.50, 2.50, 3.75, 5.00, 10.00ml wa potassium iodate solution, motero, onjezani za 1g ya potaziyamu iodide ndi 0.5ml ya sulfure ya sulfure, sakanizani 1 g ya potaziyamu iodide ndi 0.5ml. imirirani kwa mphindi ziwiri, kenaka onjezerani 0.5ml sodium hydroxide solution ndikuchepetsera chizindikirocho. Zomwe zili mu botolo lililonse ndizofanana ndi 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.30, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, ndi 2.00 mg/L ya chlorine yomwe ilipo. Onjezani 2.5ml ya phosphate buffer ndi 2.5ml ya DPD solution solution, sakanizani bwino, ndipo nthawi yomweyo (mkati mwa mphindi ziwiri) yesani kuyamwa pa 515nm pogwiritsa ntchito cuvette 1-inch. Jambulani kapindika wokhazikika ndikupeza regression equation.
Masitepe otsimikiza
Chlorine dioxide: Onjezani 1ml ya glycine solution ku 50ml ya madzi ndi kusakaniza, kenaka yikani 2.5ml ya phosphate buffer ndi 2.5ml ya DPD solution solution, sakanizani bwino, ndi kuyeza kuyamwa nthawi yomweyo (mphindi ziwiri) (kuwerenga ndi G).
Chlorine dioxide ndi klorini yopezeka yaulere: Tengani madzi ena a 50ml, onjezani 2.5ml phosphate buffer ndi 2.5ml DPD solution solution, sakanizani bwino, ndipo yesani kuyamwa nthawi yomweyo (mphindi ziwiri) (kuwerenga ndi A).
7.3 Chlorine dioxide, chlorine yomwe ilipo yaulere ndi chlorine yomwe ilipo: Tengani 50ml wina wa madzi, onjezerani pafupifupi 1g ya ayodini wa potaziyamu, onjezerani 2.5ml wa phosphate buffer ndi 2.5ml wa DPD solution solution, sakanizani bwino, ndi kuyeza kuyamwa nthawi yomweyo (mkati Mphindi 2) (Kuwerenga ndi C).
Klorini yonse yomwe ilipo kuphatikizapo chlorine dioxide yaulere, chlorite, chlorine yotsalira yaulere ndi chlorine yotsalira yotsalira: Mukapeza zowerengera C, onjezerani 0.5ml 0.5ml sulfuric acid solution ku madzi atsanzo mu botolo la colorimetric lomweli, ndipo sakanizani Mukayimirira kwa mphindi ziwiri, onjezerani. 0.5 ml ya sodium hydroxide solution, sakanizani ndi kuyeza kuyamwa nthawi yomweyo (kuwerenga ndi D).
ClO2=1.9G (yowerengedwa ngati ClO2)
Klorini yopezeka kwaulere=AG
Kuphatikiza chlorine yopezeka = CA
Klorini yonse yomwe ilipo=D
Chlorite=D-(C+4G)
Zotsatira za Manganese: Chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chosokoneza chomwe chimapezeka m'madzi akumwa ndi manganese oxide. Mukawonjezera phosphate buffer (4.3), onjezerani 0.5 ~ 1.0ml sodium arsenite solution (4.6), ndiyeno yonjezerani chizindikiro cha DPD kuti muyese kuyamwa. Chotsani kuwerenga uku pakuwerenga A kuti muchotse
Chotsani kusokoneza kwa manganese oxide.
Mphamvu ya kutentha: Pakati pa njira zonse zamakono zowunikira zomwe zingathe kusiyanitsa ClO2, klorini yaulere ndi chlorine yophatikizana, kuphatikizapo amperometric titration, njira yopitilira iodometric, etc., kutentha kudzakhudza kulondola kwa kusiyana. Kutentha kukakhala kopitilira muyeso, chlorine (chloramine) yophatikizana imalimbikitsidwa kuchitapo kanthu pasadakhale, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zotsatira zapamwamba za ClO2, makamaka chlorine yaulere. Njira yoyamba yowongolera ndiyo kuwongolera kutentha. Pafupifupi 20 ° C, mukhoza kuwonjezera DPD ku madzi ndi kusakaniza, ndiyeno nthawi yomweyo onjezerani 0.5ml thioacetamide solution (4.7) kuti muyimitse chlorine yotsalira (chloramine) kuchokera ku DPD. Zomwe anachita.
Mphamvu ya nthawi ya colorimetric: Kumbali imodzi, mtundu wofiira wopangidwa ndi ClO2 ndi DPD chizindikiro ndi wosakhazikika. Mtundu wakuda, umatha mofulumira. Kumbali ina, monga yankho la phosphate buffer ndi chizindikiro cha DPD zimasakanizidwa pakapita nthawi, iwonso amazimiririka. Zimapanga mtundu wofiira wabodza, ndipo zochitika zasonyeza kuti kusakhazikika kwa mtundu kumadalira nthawi ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha kuchepetsa kulondola kwa deta. Chifukwa chake, kufulumizitsa sitepe iliyonse yogwira ntchito ndikuwongolera kukhazikika kwa nthawi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo lililonse ndikofunikira kuti muwongolere kulondola. Malinga ndi zomwe zinachitikira: kukula kwa mtundu pamagulu omwe ali pansi pa 0.5 mg / L kungakhale kokhazikika kwa mphindi 10 mpaka 20, kukula kwa mtundu pamagulu a 2.0 mg / L kungakhale kokhazikika kwa mphindi 3 mpaka 5, ndipo kukula kwamtundu pamlingo wopitilira 5.0 mg/L kudzakhala kokhazikika pasanathe mphindi imodzi.
TheChithunzi cha LH-P3CLOpanopa operekedwa ndi Lianhua ndi kunyamulaotsalira chlorine mitazomwe zimagwirizana ndi njira ya DPD photometric.
Analyzer yakhazikitsa kale kutalika kwa mafunde ndi kupindika. Muyenera kuwonjezera ma reagents ndi kupanga colorimetry kuti mupeze msanga zotsatira za chlorine yotsalira, chlorine yotsalira ndi chlorine dioxide m'madzi. Imathandiziranso magetsi a batri komanso magetsi amkati, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito kunja kapena mu labotale.