Chiphuphu m'madzi apamwamba

Kodi chipwirikiti ndi chiyani?
Turbidity imatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa kutsekeka kwa njira yothetsera kuwala, komwe kumaphatikizapo kumwazikana kwa kuwala ndi zinthu zoyimitsidwa komanso kuyamwa kwa kuwala ndi ma molekyulu a solute.
Turbidity ndi chizindikiro chomwe chimafotokoza kuchuluka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tamadzi. Zimakhudzana ndi zinthu monga zomwe zili, kukula, mawonekedwe, ndi mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zaimitsidwa m'madzi. Poyezetsa madzi, turbidity ndi chizindikiro chofunikira, chomwe chimatha kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa zolimba zomwe zayimitsidwa m'madzi komanso ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe anthu amawunika momwe madzi alili. Chiphuphu chimayesedwa poyesa kuchuluka kwa kuwala komwe kumamwazikana ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono m'madzi pamene kuwala kukudutsa mumtsuko wamadzi. Tizidutswa ting'onoting'ono timeneti timakhala tating'ono, ndipo kukula kwake kumangotengera ma microns ndi pansi. Zowonongeka zomwe zimawonetsedwa ndi zida zamakono nthawi zambiri zimamwaza chipwirikiti, ndipo gawoli ndi NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Units). Kuyeza kwa turbidity ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuwunika kuchuluka kwa madzi akumwa, chifukwa sikuti kumangokhudzana ndi kumveka bwino kwa madzi, komanso mosalunjika kumawonetsa kuchuluka kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono m'madzi, zomwe zimakhudza mphamvu ya disinfection.
Turbidity ndi muyeso wachibale womwe umatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwala komwe kungadutse pachitsanzo cha madzi. Kuchuluka kwa turbidity, kuwala kochepa kumadutsa mu chitsanzo ndipo madzi adzawoneka "otsika kwambiri". Kuchuluka kwa matope kumachitika chifukwa cha tinthu tating'ono tomwe timayimitsidwa m'madzi, zomwe zimamwaza kuwala m'malo motumiza m'madzi. The thupi katundu ya inaimitsidwa particles zingakhudze okwana turbidity. Tinthu tating'ono ting'onoting'ono timamwaza kuwala ndikumayang'ana kutsogolo, motero kumawonjezera chipwirikiti posokoneza kufalikira kwa kuwala m'madzi. Kukula kwa tinthu kumakhudzanso mtundu wa kuwala; tinthu tating'ono ting'onoting'ono timabalalitsa mafunde atalitali a kuwala mosavuta kuposa mafunde afupiafupi, pomwe tinthu tating'onoting'ono timabalalika kwambiri pamafunde amfupi. Kuwonjezeka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono kumachepetsanso kufalikira kwa kuwala pamene kuwala kumakhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndikuyenda mtunda waufupi pakati pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kufalikira kangapo pa tinthu.

Mfundo yodziwira
Njira yobalalika ya Turbidity 90-degree ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuyeza kusokonezeka kwa mayankho. Njirayi imachokera ku zochitika zobalalika zomwe zafotokozedwa ndi equation ya Lorentz-Boltzmann. Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito photometer kapena photometer kuyeza kukula kwa kuwala komwe kumadutsa muyeso poyesedwa ndi mphamvu ya kuwala komwe kumamwazikana ndi chitsanzo mu njira yobalalitsa ya 90-degree, ndikuwerengera turbidity ya chitsanzo kutengera miyeso yoyezedwa. Lingaliro lomwaza lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira iyi ndi: Lamulo la Beer-Lambert. Chiphunzitsochi chimanena kuti pansi pa kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ka ndege kofanana, kuyankha kwa electro-optical mkati mwa unit kutalika kumachepa ndi ntchito yowonjezereka ya kutalika kwa njira ya kuwala, yomwe ndi lamulo lakale la Beer-Lambert. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, kuwala komwe kumagunda tinthu ting'onoting'ono toyimitsidwa mu njira yothetsera vutoli kumamwazikana kangapo, ndipo kuwala kwina kumamwazikana pamakona a digirii 90. Pogwiritsira ntchito njirayi, chidacho chidzayeza chiŵerengero cha mphamvu ya kuwala komwe kumabalalitsidwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala pamtunda wa 90-degree ku mphamvu ya kuwala komwe kumadutsa mu chitsanzo popanda kumwazikana. Pamene ndende ya turbidity particles ukuwonjezeka, mphamvu ya kuwala anamwazikana adzawonjezeka, ndi chiŵerengero ndi adzakhala lalikulu, Choncho, kukula kwa chiŵerengero ndi molingana ndi chiwerengero cha particles mu kuyimitsidwa.
M'malo mwake, poyezera, gwero la kuwala limayambitsidwa molunjika mu chitsanzo ndipo chitsanzocho chimayikidwa pamalo omwe ali ndi ngodya yobalalika ya 90 °. Mtengo wa turbidity wa chitsanzo ukhoza kupezedwa poyesa kuwala kwa kuwala komwe kumayesedwa mwachindunji popanda kudutsa chitsanzo ndi 90 ° kuwala kwamphamvu komwe kunapangidwa mu chitsanzo ndi photometer, ndikuphatikizana ndi njira yowerengera colorimetric.
Njirayi imakhala yolondola kwambiri ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyesa turbidity m'madzi, madzi onyansa, chakudya, mankhwala ndi malo ozungulira.

Kodi choyambitsa chachikulu cha turbidity m'madzi apansi ndi chiyani?
Kuchuluka kwa madzi pamwamba pamadzi kumachitika makamaka ndi zinthu zomwe zayimitsidwa m'madzi. 12
Zinthu zoyimitsidwazi ndi monga silt, dongo, organic matter, inorganic matter, zoyandama ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zingalepheretse kuwala kulowa m'madzi, motero kumapangitsa kuti madzi asamawonongeke. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono timeneti titha kuchokera ku zochitika zachilengedwe, monga mikuntho, kusefukira kwa madzi, kuwomba mphepo, ndi zina zotero, kapena zochita za anthu, monga zaulimi, mafakitale, ndi mpweya wotuluka m'tauni. Muyeso wa turbidity nthawi zambiri umakhala wofanana ndi zomwe zili m'madzi zomwe zayimitsidwa. Poyesa mphamvu ya kuwala kobalalika, kuchuluka kwa zolimba zomwe zayimitsidwa m'madzi zimatha kumveka bwino.
Kuyeza kwa turbidity
Lianhua turbidity mita LH-P305 imagwiritsa ntchito njira yowala ya 90 ° yomwazikana, yokhala ndi miyeso ya 0-2000NTU. Mafunde apawiri amatha kusinthidwa kuti apewe kusokonekera kwa chromaticity yamadzi. Kuyeza ndi kosavuta ndipo zotsatira zake ndi zolondola. Momwe mungayezere turbidity
1. Yatsani m'manja turbidity mita LH-P305 kuti preheat, unit ndi NTU.
2. Tengani 2 machubu oyera a colorimetric.
3. Tengani 10ml ya madzi osungunuka ndikuyika mu chubu cha colorimetric No.
4. Tengani 10ml ya chitsanzo ndikuyiyika mu chubu cha colorimetric No. 2. Pukuta khoma lakunja.
5. Tsegulani tanki ya colorimetric, ikani mu chubu cha colorimetric No.
6. Tulutsani chubu cha 1 colorimetric chubu, ikani mu chubu cha colorimetric nambala 2, dinani batani loyezera, ndipo chinsalu chidzawonetsa zotsatira.
Ntchito ndi chidule
Chiphuphu ndi muyeso wofunikira wa madzi abwino chifukwa ndi chizindikiro chowoneka bwino cha momwe gwero lamadzi lilili “oyera”. Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kungasonyeze kukhalapo kwa zonyansa zamadzi zomwe zimawononga moyo wa anthu, nyama ndi zomera, kuphatikizapo mabakiteriya, protozoa, zakudya (monga nitrates ndi phosphorous), mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mercury, lead ndi zitsulo zina. Kuchulukirachulukira kwamadzi am'madzi kumapangitsa madziwo kukhala osayenera kuti anthu amwe komanso atha kuperekanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timakhala m'madzi monga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'madzi. Ziphuphu zambiri zimathanso kuyambitsidwa ndi madzi otayira kuchokera ku ngalande, kusefukira kwamizinda, komanso kukokoloka kwa nthaka chifukwa cha chitukuko. Chifukwa chake, kuyeza kwa turbidity kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, makamaka m'munda. Zida zosavuta zingathandize kuyang'anira momwe madzi alili ndi magulu osiyanasiyana ndikuteteza pamodzi chitukuko cha nthawi yaitali cha madzi.