Lingaliro la klorini yotsalira
Klorini yotsalira ndi kuchuluka kwa klorini komwe kumatsalira m'madzi madzi atathiridwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Gawo ili la klorini limawonjezedwa panthawi yopangira madzi kuti aphe mabakiteriya, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, zinthu zachilengedwe ndi zinthu zomwe zili m'madzi. Klorini yotsalira ndi chizindikiro chofunikira chakupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'madzi. Klorini yotsalira ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri, omwe ndi chlorine yaulere yotsalira ndi klorini yotsalira. Klorini yotsalira yaulere imaphatikizapo chlorine yaulere mu mawonekedwe a Cl2, HOCl, OCl-, etc.; Kuphatikizika kotsalira kwa klorini ndi zinthu za chloramine zomwe zimapangidwa pambuyo pochita zinthu zaulere za klorini ndi ammonium, monga NH2Cl, NHCl2, NCl3, ndi zina. kuphatikiza otsalira klorini.
Kuchuluka kwa klorini yotsalira nthawi zambiri kumayesedwa mu milligrams pa lita imodzi. Kuchuluka kwa klorini yotsalira kuyenera kukhala koyenera, osati kukwera kwambiri kapena kutsika kwambiri. Kuchulukirachulukira kwa klorini yotsalira kumapangitsa madzi kununkhiza, pomwe klorini yotsalirayo ikachepa kwambiri, madziwo ataya mphamvu yake yoletsa kutsekereza ndi kuchepetsa chitetezo chaukhondo cha madzi. Choncho, pochiza madzi apampopi, mlingo wa klorini wotsalira nthawi zambiri umayang'aniridwa ndikusinthidwa kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo ndi kukwanira kwa madzi.
Udindo wa klorini pochotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'matauni
1. Udindo wa chlorine disinfection
Chlorination ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza zimbudzi zamatawuni. Ntchito zake zazikulu ndi izi:
1. Zabwino zopha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
Poyeretsa zimbudzi, chlorine imatha kupha mabakiteriya ambiri ndi ma virus. Chlorine inactivates tizilombo ndi oxidizing awo mapuloteni ndi nucleic zidulo. Kuphatikiza apo, chlorine imatha kupha mazira ndi zotupa za tiziromboti.
2. Oxidizing zotsatira pa khalidwe madzi
Kuonjezera chlorine kungathenso oxidize organic zinthu m'madzi, kuchititsa organic zinthu kukhala zidulo zidulo, carbon dioxide ndi zinthu zina. Chlorine imakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zamoyo zomwe zili m'madzi kuti zipange okosijeni monga hypochlorous acid ndi chlorine monoxide, zomwe zimawola organic matter.
3. Kuletsa kukula kwa bakiteriya
Kuonjezera mlingo woyenera wa klorini kungalepheretse kukula kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa sludge mu thanki, ndi kuchepetsa zovuta ndi mtengo wa chithandizo chotsatira.
2. Ubwino ndi Kuipa kwa Chlorine Disinfection
1. Ubwino
(1) Mphamvu yabwino yopha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: Mlingo woyenera wa chlorine ukhoza kupha mabakiteriya ambiri ndi ma virus.
(2) Mlingo wosavuta: Zida zopangira ma chlorine zili ndi mawonekedwe osavuta komanso osavuta kusamalira.
(3) Mtengo wotsika: Mtengo wa zida zoperekera chlorine ndizotsika komanso zosavuta kugula.
2. Kuipa
(1) Chlorine imapanga zinthu zovulaza monga hypochloronitrile: Klorini ikakumana ndi zinthu zokhala ndi nayitrogeni, zinthu zovulaza monga hypochloronitrile zimapangidwa, zomwe zingayambitse kuipitsa chilengedwe.
(2) Vuto lotsalira la klorini: Zinthu zina za klorini sizisintha ndipo zimakhalabe m'madzi, zomwe zimakhudza kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka madzi kapena zovuta zachilengedwe.
3. Nkhani zomwe ziyenera kutsatiridwa powonjezera chlorine
1. Kuchuluka kwa klorini
Ngati chlorine ndende ndi otsika kwambiri, zotsatira disinfection sitingapezeke ndipo zimbudzi sangathe mogwira mankhwala; Ngati chlorine ndende ndi yochuluka kwambiri, zotsalira za klorini m'madzi zimakhala zambiri, zomwe zimavulaza thupi la munthu.
2. Nthawi ya jekeseni wa klorini
Nthawi ya jekeseni wa chlorine iyenera kusankhidwa pamapeto omaliza a kayendedwe ka zimbudzi kuti zimbudzi zisataye chlorine kapena kupanga zinthu zina zowotchera m'njira zina, potero zimakhudza mphamvu ya disinfection.
3. Kusankha mankhwala a klorini
Zogulitsa zosiyanasiyana za klorini zimakhala ndi mitengo ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana pamsika, ndipo kusankha kwazinthu kuyenera kutengera momwe zinthu ziliri.
Mwachidule, kuwonjezera chlorine ndi imodzi mwa njira zothandiza pochiza zimbudzi zam'tawuni komanso kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Pochiza zimbudzi, kugwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru ndi jekeseni wa chlorine kumatha kuwonetsetsa kuti madzi ali otetezeka komanso kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a zimbudzi. Komabe, palinso zina mwaukadaulo komanso zovuta zoteteza chilengedwe zomwe ziyenera kutsatiridwa powonjezera chlorine.
Chifukwa chiyani chlorine imawonjezedwa m'madzi:
M'malo otayira amadzi apampopi ndi zimbudzi, njira yophera tizilombo ta chlorine imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kupha mabakiteriya ndi ma virus m'madzi. Pochiza madzi ozizira ozungulira mafakitale, njira yochotsera chlorine ndi kuchotsa algae imagwiritsidwanso ntchito, chifukwa panthawi yozizira madzi amayenda, chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa gawo la madzi, zakudya m'madzi zimakhazikika, mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo tina. zidzachulukirachulukira, ndipo ndikosavuta kupanga Dothi lamatope, matope ochulukirapo ndi litsiro zitha kuyambitsa kutsekeka kwa mapaipi ndi dzimbiri.
Ngati chlorine yotsalira m'madzi apampopi ndi yochulukirapo, zoopsa zazikulu ndi izi:
1. Zimakwiyitsa kwambiri komanso zimawononga dongosolo la kupuma.
2. Imakhudzidwa mosavuta ndi zinthu zachilengedwe m'madzi kuti ipange ma carcinogens monga chloroform ndi chloroform.
3. Monga zopangira zopangira, zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa. Mwachitsanzo, akagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga vinyo wa mpunga, amakhala ndi bactericidal mphamvu pa yisiti mu njira yowotchera ndipo amakhudza ubwino wa vinyo. Chifukwa klorini nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeretsa madzi apampopi, ndipo klorini yotsalirayo imatulutsa ma carcinogens monga chloroform panthawi yotentha. Kumwa kwanthawi yayitali kungayambitse vuto lalikulu m'thupi la munthu. Makamaka m'zaka zaposachedwa, kuwonongeka kwa magwero amadzi kwakula kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chlorine ikhale yotsalira m'madzi ampopi.
Kodi njira zoyezera zotsalira za klorini ndi ziti?
1. DPD colorimetry
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Mfundo Yofunika: Pansi pa pH 6.2 ~ 6.5 mikhalidwe, ClO2 imayamba kuchita ndi DPD mu sitepe 1 kuti ipange pawiri yofiira, koma kuchuluka kwake kumangofika pa gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a chlorine yonse yomwe ilipo (yofanana ndi kuchepetsa ClO2 ku chlorite ions) imodzi. Ngati chitsanzo cha madzi ndi acidified pamaso pa ayodini, chlorite ndi chlorate amachitanso, ndipo pamene neutralized ndi Kuwonjezera bicarbonate, chifukwa mtundu limafanana okwana kupezeka chlorine zili ClO2. Kusokoneza kwa klorini yaulere kumatha kuwongoleredwa powonjezera glycine. Maziko ake ndikuti glycine imatha kutembenuza chlorine yaulere kukhala chlorinated aminoacetic acid, koma ilibe mphamvu pa ClO2.
2. Zokutidwa ndi electrode njira
Mfundo yofunikira: Elekitirodi imamizidwa mu chipinda cha electrolyte, ndipo chipinda cha electrolyte chimakhudzana ndi madzi kudzera mumtambo wa porous hydrophilic. Hypochlorous acid imafalikira mu electrolyte patsekeke kupyolera mu porous hydrophilic nembanemba, kupanga panopa pa electrode pamwamba. Kukula kwaposachedwa kumadalira liwiro lomwe asidi wa hypochlorous amafalikira mu electrolyte cavity. Mlingo wa kufalikira ndi wofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa klorini yotsalira mu yankho. Yezerani kukula kwapano. The ndende yotsalira klorini mu njira angadziŵike.
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3. Njira yokhazikika yamagetsi yamagetsi (njira yopanda ma electrode)
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Mfundo yofunikira: Kuthekera kokhazikika kumasungidwa pakati pa muyeso ndi maelekitirodi ofotokozera, ndipo zigawo zosiyanasiyana zoyezera zidzatulutsa mphamvu zosiyanasiyana pakalipano. Amakhala ndi ma elekitirodi awiri a platinamu ndi ma elekitirodi ofotokozera kuti apange makina oyezera ma microcurrent. Pa electrode yoyezera, mamolekyu a klorini kapena hypochlorite amadyedwa, ndipo mphamvu yomwe imapangidwa pano imagwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa klorini yotsalira m'madzi.
Lianhua's portable residual chlorine kuyeza LH-P3CLO amagwiritsa ntchito njira yodziwira DPD, yomwe ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo imatha kutulutsa zotsatira mwachangu. Muyenera kuwonjezera 2 reagents ndi chitsanzo kuti ayesedwe, ndipo mukhoza kupeza zotsatira kufananitsa mtundu. Muyeso woyezera ndi waukulu, zofunikira ndizosavuta, ndipo zotsatira zake ndi zolondola.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-30-2024
