Kufunika kwa okosijeni wa Chemical, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti chemical oxygen consumption, kapena COD mwachidule, kumagwiritsa ntchito okosijeni wamankhwala (monga potassium dichromate) kuti oxidize ndi kuwola zinthu zomwe zimatha okosijeni (monga organic matter, nitrite, ferrous salt, sulfides, etc.) m'madzi, ndiyeno kumwa kwa oxygen kumawerengedwa potengera kuchuluka kwa oxidant yotsalira. Monga biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), ndi chizindikiro chofunikira cha kuchuluka kwa kuipitsidwa kwa madzi. Gawo la COD ndi ppm kapena mg/L. Mtengo wocheperako, umachepetsa kuchuluka kwa kuipitsidwa kwamadzi. Pofufuza za kuipitsidwa kwa mtsinje ndi katundu wa madzi onyansa a mafakitale, komanso poyendetsa ndi kuyang'anira malo opangira madzi onyansa, ndizofunikira komanso mofulumira kuyeza COD kuipitsa chizindikiro.
Kufuna kwa okosijeni wa Chemical (COD) nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chizindikiro chofunikira poyeza zomwe zili m'madzi. Kuchuluka kwa okosijeni kumafunikira, m'pamenenso madzi amaipitsidwa kwambiri ndi zinthu zachilengedwe. Pakuyezera kufunikira kwa okosijeni wa makemikolo (COD), milingo yoyezedwa imasiyana malinga ndi kuchepetsa zinthu zomwe zili m'madzi ndi njira zoyezera. Njira zodziwira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri masiku ano ndi njira ya acidic potassium permanganate oxidation ndi njira ya potaziyamu dichromate oxidation.
Organic zinthu ndizovulaza kwambiri machitidwe amadzi am'mafakitale. Kunena zowona, kufunikira kwa okosijeni kumaphatikizanso zinthu zochepetsera zomwe zimapezeka m'madzi. Nthawi zambiri, popeza kuchuluka kwa zinthu zam'madzi m'madzi otayidwa kumakhala kokulirapo kuposa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zakuthupi, kufunikira kwa okosijeni kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyimira kuchuluka kwa zinthu zamoyo zomwe zili m'madzi oipa. Pansi pa miyeso, zinthu zomwe zilibe nayitrogeni m'madzi zimakokedwa mosavuta ndi potaziyamu permanganate, pomwe zinthu zomwe zili ndi nayitrogeni zimakhala zovuta kuwola. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito okosijeni ndikoyenera kuyeza madzi achilengedwe kapena madzi oyipa omwe amakhala ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zokhala ndi okosijeni mosavuta, pomwe madzi otayira m'mafakitale okhala ndi zigawo zovuta kwambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyezera kufunikira kwa okosijeni.
Zotsatira za COD pamakina opangira madzi
Madzi omwe ali ndi zinthu zambiri za organic akadutsa m'dongosolo la desalination, amawononga utomoni wosinthanitsa ndi ion. Pakati pawo, ndizosavuta kuipitsa utomoni wosinthanitsa ndi anion, potero kuchepetsa mphamvu yosinthira utomoni. Organic zinthu zitha kuchepetsedwa pafupifupi 50% panthawi yopangira chithandizo (coagulation, kufotokoza ndi kusefera), koma zinthu za organic sizingachotsedwe bwino mu dongosolo la desalination. Chifukwa chake, madzi odzipangira nthawi zambiri amabweretsedwa mu boiler kuti achepetse pH yamadzi opopera. , kuchititsa dzimbiri dongosolo; nthawi zina organic zinthu akhoza kubweretsedwa mu dongosolo nthunzi ndi condensate madzi, kuchepetsa pH mtengo, zomwe zingachititsenso dzimbiri dongosolo.
Kuonjezera apo, zinthu zambiri za organic zomwe zili m'madzi ozungulira zimalimbikitsa kuberekana kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Choncho, mosasamala kanthu za kuchotsa mchere, madzi otentha kapena madzi ozungulira, kutsika kwa COD, kumakhala bwinoko, koma pakali pano palibe chiwerengero chogwirizana.
Zindikirani: M'madzi ozizira ozungulira, COD (njira ya KMnO4) ikakhala> 5mg/L, madzi ayamba kuwonongeka.
Zotsatira za COD pa Ecology
Kuchuluka kwa COD kumatanthauza kuti madziwo ali ndi zinthu zambiri zochepetsera, makamaka zowononga zachilengedwe. COD ikakwera, m'pamenenso kuipitsidwa kwachilengedwe m'madzi a mitsinje kudzakhala koopsa. Magwero a organic kuipitsidwa ndi zambiri mankhwala, zomera mankhwala, organic feteleza, etc. Ngati sanachiritsidwe mu nthawi, ambiri organic zoipitsa akhoza adsorbed ndi dothi pa mtsinje pansi ndi waikamo, kuchititsa chiphe kwa moyo wam'madzi mu zingapo zotsatira. zaka.
Zamoyo zambiri za m’madzi zikafa, chilengedwe cha m’mtsinjemo chidzawonongedwa pang’onopang’ono. Ngati anthu amadya zamoyo zotere m’madzi, amatenga poizoni wambiri kuchokera ku zamoyo zimenezi n’kuziunjikira m’thupi. Poizonizi nthawi zambiri amakhala carcinogenic, deformation, ndi mutagenic, ndipo amawononga kwambiri thanzi la munthu. Kuonjezera apo, ngati madzi a m’mitsinje oipitsidwa akagwiritsidwa ntchito m’thirira, zomera ndi mbewu nazonso zidzakhudzidwa ndi kukula moipa. Mbewu zoipitsidwazi sizingadyedwe ndi anthu.
Komabe, kufunikira kwakukulu kwa okosijeni wamankhwala sikukutanthauza kuti padzakhala zoopsa zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa, ndipo mapeto omaliza angapezeke mwa kufufuza mwatsatanetsatane. Mwachitsanzo, pendani mitundu ya zinthu zamoyo, mmene zinthu zimenezi zimakhudzira ubwino wa madzi ndi zachilengedwe, komanso ngati zingawononge thupi la munthu. Ngati kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane sikungatheke, mutha kuyezanso kuchuluka kwa okosijeni wamadzi am'madzi patatha masiku angapo. Ngati mtengo watsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mtengo wapitawo, zikutanthauza kuti zinthu zochepetsera zomwe zili m'madzi ndizosavuta kuwonongeka. Zinthu za organic zotere zimawononga thupi la munthu ndipo Zowopsa Zachilengedwe ndizochepa.
Njira zodziwika bwino zakuwonongeka kwamadzi a COD
Pakali pano, adsorption njira, mankhwala coagulation njira, electrochemical njira, ozoni makutidwe ndi okosijeni njira, njira zamoyo, micro-electrolysis, etc. ndi njira wamba kuwononga COD madzi oipa.
Njira yodziwira COD
Rapid digestion spectrophotometry, njira yodziwira COD ya Lianhua Company, imatha kupeza zotsatira zolondola za COD pambuyo powonjezera ma reagents ndikugaya chitsanzo pa madigiri 165 kwa mphindi 10. Ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, ali otsika reagent mlingo, otsika kuipitsa, ndi otsika mphamvu mowa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-22-2024
