Njira yochizira zimbudzi imagawidwa m'magawo atatu:
Chithandizo chachikulu: chithandizo chamankhwala, pogwiritsa ntchito makina othandizira, monga grille, sedimentation kapena air flotation, kuchotsa miyala, mchenga ndi miyala, mafuta, mafuta, etc.
Secondary mankhwala: zamankhwala amuzolengedwa mankhwala, zoipitsa mu zimbudzi ndi oipa ndi n'kukhala sludge pansi zochita za tizilombo.
Chithandizo chapamwamba: chithandizo chapamwamba cha zimbudzi, chomwe chimaphatikizapo kuchotsedwa kwa michere ndi kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi chlorine, radiation ya ultraviolet kapena ukadaulo wa ozone.Malingana ndi zolinga za mankhwala ndi ubwino wa madzi, njira zina zoyeretsera zimbudzi sizimaphatikizapo zonse zomwe zili pamwambazi.
01 Chithandizo choyambirira
Chigawo chamankhwala chomakina (choyamba) chimaphatikizapo zinthu monga ma grilles, zipinda za grit, akasinja oyambira a sedimentation, etc., kuchotsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi zolimba zoyimitsidwa.Mfundo ya chithandizo ndi kukwaniritsa kulekanitsa kolimba-kwamadzimadzi kupyolera mu njira zakuthupi ndikulekanitsa zonyansa kuchokera ku zinyalala , yomwe ndi njira yodziwika bwino yogwiritsira ntchito zimbudzi.
Kuchiza kwamakina (chachikulu) ndi ntchito yofunikira pazachimbudzi zonse (ngakhale njira zina nthawi zina zimasiya thanki yoyamba yotayira), ndipo mitengo yochotsera BOD5 ndi SS pochiza zimbudzi zam'tawuni ndi 25% ndi 50%, motsatana. .
M'mafakitale achilengedwe a phosphorous ndi nayitrogeni ochotsa zinyalala, zipinda zokhala ndi mpweya wa grit nthawi zambiri sizimalimbikitsidwa kuti zipewe kuchotsedwa kwa zinthu zomwe zawonongeka mwachangu;pamene mikhalidwe yamadzi amadzi amadzi onyansa aiwisi sikuthandizira kuchotsedwa kwa phosphorous ndi nayitrogeni, kuyika kwa sedimentation yapachiyambi ndi kuyika Njirayi iyenera kufufuzidwa mosamala ndikuganiziridwa molingana ndi njira yotsatirira ya makhalidwe abwino a madzi, kuti zitsimikizire. ndi kupititsa patsogolo ubwino wa madzi wotsatira njira zotsatila monga kuchotsa phosphorous ndi denitrification.
02 Chithandizo chachiwiri
Chimbudzi biochemical mankhwala ndi yachiwiri chithandizo, ndi cholinga chachikulu chochotsa zolimba inaimitsidwa osamira ndi sungunuka biodegradable organic kanthu.Kapangidwe kake kamakhala kosiyanasiyana, komwe kumatha kugawidwa m'njira yoyendetsedwa ndi sludge, njira ya AB, njira ya A / O, Njira ya A2 / O, njira ya SBR, njira ya oxidation, njira yamadzi okhazikika, njira ya CASS, njira yochizira nthaka ndi njira zina zamankhwala.Pakalipano, malo ambiri osungiramo zimbudzi zamatauni akugwiritsa ntchito njira yamatope yomwe idakhazikitsidwa.
Mfundo ya chithandizo chachilengedwe ndikumaliza kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe ndi kaphatikizidwe kazinthu zamoyo kudzera muzachilengedwe, makamaka zochita za tizilombo, ndikusintha zowononga zachilengedwe kukhala zinthu zopanda gasi (CO2), zinthu zamadzimadzi (madzi) ndi zinthu zolemera organic. .Cholimba (gulu la tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena matope achilengedwe);matope owonjezera achilengedwe amasiyanitsidwa ndi zolimba ndi zamadzimadzi mu thanki ya sedimentation ndikuchotsedwa ku zimbudzi zoyeretsedwa.ndi
03 Chithandizo chapamwamba
Chithandizo chapamwamba ndi njira yoyendetsera madzi, yomwe ndi njira yoyeretsera madzi onyansa pambuyo pa chithandizo chachiwiri, ndipo ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera zimbudzi.Pakalipano, palibe malo ambiri oyeretsera zimbudzi m'dziko lathu omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Imatsutsa ndikuwononga madzi pambuyo pa chithandizo chachiwiri, imachotsa zowononga zotsalira m'madzi mwa activated carbon adsorption kapena reverse osmosis, ndikupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi ozone kapena chlorine kupha mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi, ndikutumiza madzi oyeretsedwa mu Waterways amagwiritsidwa ntchito magwero a madzi otsuka zimbudzi, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa m'misewu, kuthirira malamba obiriwira, madzi aku mafakitale, ndi kupewa moto.
Zitha kuwoneka kuti ntchito ya njira yopangira zimbudzi ndi njira yokhayo yosinthira biodegradation ndi kulekanitsa kwamadzi olimba, ndikuyeretsa zimbudzi ndikuwonjezera zonyansa mumatope, kuphatikiza matope oyambira omwe amapangidwa m'chigawo choyambirira chamankhwala, matope otsala adamulowetsa. opangidwa mu gawo lachiwiri lamankhwala ndi matope opangidwa ndi mankhwala apamwamba.
Chifukwa matopewa ali ndi zinthu zambiri zamoyo ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndipo amawonongeka mosavuta komanso amanunkhiza, n'zosavuta kuyambitsa kuipitsidwa kwachiwiri, ndipo ntchito yochotsa kuipitsa sinakwaniritsidwe.Dothi liyenera kutayidwa moyenera pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa voliyumu, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mawu, kukhazikika komanso chithandizo chosavulaza.Kupambana kwamankhwala ndi kutaya zinyalala kumakhudza kwambiri malo otayira zimbudzi ndipo kuyenera kuonedwa mozama.
Ngati matopewo sanayeretsedwe, matopewo amayenera kutayidwa ndi madzi otayira, ndipo zotsatira za kuyeretsedwa kwa zimbudzi zidzathetsedwa.Chifukwa chake, munjira yeniyeni yogwiritsira ntchito, chithandizo cha sludge mu njira yachimbudzi ndichofunikanso kwambiri.
04 Njira yochotsera kununkhira
Pakati pawo, njira zakuthupi zimaphatikizanso njira ya dilution, njira ya adsorption, etc.;njira mankhwala monga mayamwidwe njira, kuyaka njira, etc.;shawa etc.
Mgwirizano pakati pa kuyeretsa madzi ndi kuyezetsa madzi
Nthawi zambiri, zida zoyesera zamadzi zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza madzi otayira, kuti tithe kudziwa momwe madzi alili ndikuwona ngati akukwaniritsa!
Kuyezetsa khalidwe la madzi ndikofunikira pokonza madzi.Malingana ndi momwe zinthu zilili panopa, madzi ochulukirapo amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'moyo ndi mafakitale, ndipo madzi ena otayira m'moyo ndi zimbudzi zomwe zimapangidwira m'mafakitale zikuwonjezekanso.Ngati madzi atayidwa mwachindunji popanda kutuluka, sangawononge chilengedwe, komanso kuwononga kwambiri chilengedwe cha chilengedwe.Choncho, payenera kukhala chidziwitso cha kutaya kwa zimbudzi ndi kuyesa.Madipatimenti oyenerera afotokoza zizindikiro zoyenera zotsatsira madzi.Pokhapokha atayezetsa ndikutsimikizira kuti miyezo yakwaniritsidwa angathe kutulutsidwa.Kuzindikira kwa zimbudzi kumaphatikizapo zizindikiro zambiri, monga pH, zolimba zoyimitsidwa, turbidity, kufunikira kwa oxygen (COD), kufunikira kwa okosijeni wachilengedwe (BOD), phosphorous yonse, nayitrogeni, ndi zina zotero. Pokhapokha mankhwala amadzimadzi amatha kukhala pansi pa kutayika. muyezo tingathe kuonetsetsa zotsatira za mankhwala madzi, kukwaniritsa cholinga cha kuteteza chilengedwe.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-09-2023
